Bake oven



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet l.

E@ GENBSTE.

. BAKE OVEN. No. 265,404. Patented Oct. 3, 1882` N. Firms Pnmmuuwgnplwn wam-umm D. c.

2 Sheets- Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

E. GENESTE.

BAKE OVEN.

Patented Oct. 3, 1882L w W A N. Firms Pham-Limogmplwr. wnmngmn. D. c;

Nrrn STATES Arent rrrca EUGNE GENESTE, OF PARIS, FRANCE.

BAKE-OVEN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 265,404, dated. October 3, 1882.

Application filed April 3, 1882. (No model.) Patented in France December 6, 1881; in Belgium December 27, 1881, and in England December 29, 1881, No. 5,714.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, EUGNE GENESTE, engineer, of the firm of Geneste, Herscher Sr Go., of Paris, in the Republic of France, and acting for the said irm,haveinvented Improvements in Portable Ovens for Baking Bread and other Aliments, of which the following isa specification.

This invention-relates to portable ovens for baking bread and other aliments; and it consists in constructing these ovens in sections, as hereinafter described, whereby they are rendered capable ot being transported to localities inaccessible to wheeled vehicles, and kthe operations of erecting them and taking them to pieces are also greatly expedited and facilitated.

The ovens usually employed for baking bread for the use ot' armies during a campaign are either complete ovens permanently xed upon a vehicle or carriage or are capable ot being taken to pieces and divided into a number of small packages, which may be transported upon -very light vehicles or upon the backs of mules. The ovens belonging to this latter class as heretofore constructed consist generally ot'a frame or shell of metal made in separable sections, and employed to form the chamber or vault of the oven, the solid part ot' the walls of the oven being composed of earth. Ovens of this description consist simply of means for more or less expeditiously constructing an oven with common earth. It is evident that to put these ovens in order for working a loss ot' time is incurred, tirst, in putting the shell or fram e-work together; secondly, in placing the earth in position, and, thirdly, in drying this earth and heating it to the temperature necessary for baking bread. Similar disadvantages also attend the operation of taking down the oven in order to removeit. Now, in the apparatus constructed according to this invention all thesedisadvantages are removed.

The improved oven is constructed with a series of bays or arched sections, which simply require to be arranged in juxtaposition side by side in order to form a complete oven ready for immediate use. In other words, the improved oven is not composed, as are the ovens ordinarily employed, of sections of the bakingchamber only, but is built up with sections of the oven itself', so that it is simply necessary to put the parts together in order to obtain an oven in working order.

In order that the said invention may be fully understood, I shall now proceed more particularly to describe the same, and for that purpose shall refer to the several figures on the annexed sheet of drawings, the same letters of reference indicating corresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure l of the accompanying drawings represents one ot the bays or sections of the irnproved oven, partly in elevation and partly in section. Fig. 2 is a correspondinglongitudinal and vert-ical section,and Fig.3 isa plan partly in section. Fig. 4 is a general view ot' a combination ot' the improved sections, arranged for an oven capable of baking ninety rations.

In carrying out this invention the sections of the improved oven are constructed with an arch, A, of sheet-steel, stit't'ened by iron stays B, bolted to a truss, C. These sections arein the form ot' an arch or bay, the weight and dimensions ot' which are so calculated as to correspond with a given quantity of bread, and to enable them to be manipulated with facility and carried on the backs of mules. The arch illustrated in the drawings is adapted to contain eight regulation loaves, each weighing one kilogram and ahalt', andthe weightot' the arch itself does not exceed ten kilograms. On the convex side ot' the arch otl steel plates there is placed a layer ot' cement or plastic material capable ot' resisting the action ot' heat, and also capable of storing up the quantity of caloric requisite for the process of baking the bread. This cement is covered with a layer ot' suitable non-conducting material, in order to prevent loss of heat by radiation, and the whole is i-nclosed by a sheet-iron envelope, D, An arch or bay thus constructed constitutes a self-sustained section of the sides and roof of the oven,which may be built up with any convenient number ot' such bays or arches. The bays are arranged side by side, and drawn together by chains cc', connected to screws passed through ears or lugs on end walls, hereinafter described, as shown in the drawings, Fig. 4. These chains are tightened by turning suitable nuts bearing against the said ears or lugs.

The two extremities of the oven are closed IOC by straight vertical end walls, F F', constructed in a similar manner tothe arched sections hereinbefore described, being provided internally with layers of fire-proof and non-conducting materials. One of these end walls presents a suitable mouth or opening, G, for Working the oven, and the other end Wall is provided with a chimney or liuc controlled by a damper.

The oven may be provided with a bottom or loor consisting` of earthenware panels or tiles supported in a metal frame or frames; but in certain eases this bottom may be dispensed with by a suitable preparation of the ground upon which the oven is erected. The tiles of the ioor are bound together by a lire-proof' cement, and metal slips or partitions partially embedded in the iioor serve to support the shovels used in working the oven, and thus protect the tiles from injury. Each panel or frame of which the licor is composed may correspond in size te one bayer to halt' a bay, and the weight oi' the panels is so calculated as to admit ot' their being carried on the backs of mules.

rlhe improved oven may be fitted together and worked upon a vehicle when the nature ot' the ground will admit ot'such an arrangement.

I claim as my invention l. A baking-oven composed of two or more separable arches or bays arranged side by side, each arch having its several component parts permanently secured together and forming a self-sustained section,substantiallyas setforth.

2. A baking-oven consistingot' two or more separable arches, each having its component parts permanently secured together and each arch orn'iing a self-sustained structure in itself, and upright pieces at opposite ends, one having` a door and the other an outlet to the' chimney.

1n testimony whereofl have signed my name to this speci lication in the presence o two subscribing` witnesses.

EUGENE el'fisiis'rn.

\Vitnesses:

ALFRED GorNY, ltoB'r. M. Hoornu. 

